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Country Profile
Flag
Geography
Location
Eastern Africa, west of Somalia.
Climate
Tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation.
Government Type
Federal Republic
Capital
Addis Ababa
People
Population
74,777,981 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)
Life Expectancy at Birth
total population: 49.03 years
male: 47.86 years
female: 50.24 years (2006 est.)
Ethnic Groups
Oromo 40%, Amhara and Tigre 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 4%, Gurage 2%, other 1%
Religions
Muslim 45%-50%, Ethiopian Orthodox 35%-40%, animist 12%, other 3%-8%
Languages
Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, other local languages, English (major foreign language taught in schools)
Currency
birr (ETB)
Communications
Ethiopia has telephones, cellular phones, radio and a television station.
Transportation
Ethiopia has 84 airports, the majority with unpaved runways. Ethiopia has 681 km of railways and 36,469 km of roadways, most of which are unpaved. Ethiopia is landlocked and uses the port of Djibouti.
