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Country Profile
Flag
Geography
Location
Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam. China is the third largest country in the world following Russia and Canada. It has an area of 9.6 million square kilometers, or one-fifteenth of the world's landmass. The Chinese border stretches over 22,000 kilometers on land and its coastline extends well over 18,000 kilometers
Climate
China has an extremely diverse climate. China's climate varies from bitter cold in winter to unbearable heat in summer. The Yangtze River serves as China's official dividing line between north and south. Given the size and varied landscape of the country, there is no one time in the year when Chinese weather is ideal. Of course, the warmest areas in winter are to be found in the South and Southwest, such as Sichuan, Banna in Yunnan, and Hainan Island. In summer the coolest spots are in the far northeast.
Government Type
Communist State
Capital
Beijing
People
Population
1,306,313,812 (July 2005 est.)
Life Expectancy at Birth
total: 24.18 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.21 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 27.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)Ethnic Groups
Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%
Religions
Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Muslim 1%-2%, Christian 3%-4%
note: officially atheist (2002 est.)Languages
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages
Currency
yuan (CNY)
note: also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)
Communications
There is telephone, cellular phone, radio, television and wide internet access.
Transportation
China has 71,898 km of railways, 1,765,222 km of highways (of which 395,410 km are paved), 472 airports (383 with paved runways), and 15 heliports.